This duck usually breeds over water in tall grasses or forbs, especially in rice fields (Stevenson & Anderson Learn more. Pesticides used on rice fields may also have an adverse impact,[5] causing liver and breast muscle damage even at sub-lethal levels. They are very agile on land, standing erect and walking without the waddle so characteristic of other ducks. Map. Habitat Description: Fulvous whistling-duck is partial to freshwater wetlands and marshes, flooded rice fields, lagoons, and temporarily flooded grasslands and pastures (Stevenson & Anderson 1994, Hohmand & Lee 2001). The nest, built from plant material and unlined, is placed among dense vegetation or in a tree hole. Its breeding range early in this century is thought to have been restricted to Mexico, Texas, and California (Bent 1925 in Johnsgard 1975), but it now breeds (or has bred) in a number of states, including Florida. [31][32], The fulvous whistling duck feeds in wetlands by day or night, often in mixed flocks with relatives such as white-faced or black-bellied whistling ducks. Juvenile has contrasting dark wings and light belly. The other species, Fulvous Whistling-Duck, nests on the ground and generally avoids trees. The Indian subcontinent is the Asian stronghold. PHYSICAL FEATURES AND CHARACTERISTICS. Its range north of the Mexican border also has gone through some remarkable changes; oddly, most birders don’t realize the extent of those range shifts. Whistling-ducks are not actually puddle ducks, but tree ducks. The Fulvous Whistling-Duck is a mix of rich caramel-brown and black, a long-legged and long-necked creature found in warm freshwater marshes across the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The eggs hatch in about 24â29 days,[5] The downy ducklings are grey, with paler upperparts,[19] and a white band on the neck,[14] and weigh 22â38 g (0.78â1.34 oz) within a day of hatching. The fulvous whistling-duck can be found from southern California to southwestern Arizona, and from central and eastern Texas and the Gulf Coast of Louisiana, south to Mexico and in southern Florida. In South Africa, nests may be within 50 m (160 ft) of each other, and breeding densities of up to 13.7 nests per square kilometre (35.5 per square mile) have been found in Louisiana. bicolor. Whistling-ducks are a distinctive group of about 8 species of brightly colored, oddly proportioned waterfowl. Nov 30 - … They are very vocal while feeding and in flight. It is found in a broad belt across sub-Saharan Africa and down the east of the continent to South Africa and Madagascar. A tawny brown head, chest, breast and belly distinguish fulvous whistling ducks. During the breeding season, pairs will nest in the vicinity of one or two dozen other pairs. The breeding adults, which pair for life, take turns to incubate, and the eggs hatch in 24â29 days. In North America, the species is most common in Mexico, but also breeds in California, Florida, Louisiana and Texas. [5] In India, the breeding season is from June to October but peaking in July and August. [20] The calls of males and females show differences in structure and an acoustic analysis on 59 captive birds demonstrated 100% accuracy in sexing when compared with molecular methods. Internal helminth parasites include roundworms, tapeworms and flukes. [22], Several arthropod parasites have been recorded on this duck, including chewing mites of the families Philopteridae and Menoponidae,[23][24] feather mites and skin mites. It feeds during the day and at night in fairly large flocks, often with other whistling duck species, but rests or sleeps in smaller groups in the middle of the day. [5] The wingspan ranges from 85 to 93 cm. The black-bellied whistling-duck sports a flashy white patch on the wing that its relative lacks. Listen +3 more audio recordings. Usually found in flocks; prefers marshes, marshy ponds, and flooded rice fields. It has white stripes on its flanks with a long grey bill and long grey legs. In India, the use of tree holes, and even the old nests of raptors or crows, is much more common than elsewhere. They are whitish and on average measure 53.4 mm à 40.7 mm (2.10 in à 1.60 in) and weigh 50.4 g (1.78 oz). State of India’s Birds factsheet: Fulvous Whistling Duck. Both sexes look alike. [26] Fulvous whistling ducks show lifelong monogamy; the courtship display is limited to some mutual head-dipping before mating and a short dance after copulation in which the birds raise their bodies side by side while treading water. Ivory-edged side and flank feathers form a striking border between the sides and back. The Indian subcontinent is the Asian stronghold. In North America, fulvous whistling ducks can be found breeding in southern California, southwestern Arizona, central and eastern Texas, the Gulf Coast of Louisiana to central Mexico and locally in Florida. The range of this bird is about 10 million square kilometers. The extensive whit… It is found in a broad belt across sub-Saharan Africa and down the east of the continent to South Africa and Madagascar. The former also have coral-red bills and legs, while the latter have grayish appendages. 1944) breeding range of the Fulvous Whistling-Duck in California; historic status along lower Colorado River (not mapped) is uncertain. Fulvous whistling ducks have long legs and necks, giving them a distinct profile when flying. African birds move southwards in the southern summer t… It flies at low altitude with slow wingbeats and trailing feet, in loose flocks rather than tight formation. See Interpreting Species Pages for a detailed explanation. The typical clutch is around ten whitish eggs. [2] They were an early split from the main duck lineage,[3] and were predominant in the Late Miocene before the subsequent extensive radiation of more modern forms in the Pliocene and later. 2020. eBird Status and Trends, Data Version: 2019; Released: 2020. Year-round . In a survey in Florida, all 30 ducks tested carried at least two helminth species; none had blood parasites. [5] Eggs may also be added to the nests of other species, like ruddy duck. [27], Both sexes incubate, changing over once a day, with the male often taking the greater share of this duty. The Fulvous Whistling Duck is listed as being of Least Concern by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Fulvous tree duck Range: Africa, Asia, southwestern United States, South America, Mexico Habitat: Lakes, ponds, freshwater marshes, swamps and fields under irrigation Average Size: Length: 18 – 21 inches Weight: 1 – 3 lbs. [5], This species is usually found in small groups, but substantial flocks can form at favoured sites. [20] This species has strong colonising tendencies, having expanded its range in Mexico, the US and the West Indies in recent decades with northerly range expansions into California in late 19th century and rice-growing regions of the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain in the early to mid-20th century, given its affinity for rice-growing areas. When seen standing, fulvous whistling ducks look more goose-like, and actually, they are more closely related to geese than ducks. They are distinctive for their long-legged, long-necked, rather chunky appearance. Average Size Whistling-ducks have an average length of 18-19 inches and an average weight of 1 3/4 pounds. Most fulvous whistling ducks depart their breeding range in the United States during September and October to wint… [25], Breeding coincides with the availability of water. [7][a] This led to the next available name proposed by French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in 1816 from a Paraguayan specimen as Anas bicolor. Downloads. [14], The fulvous whistling duck is 45â53 cm (18â21 in) long; the male weighs 748â1,050 g (26.4â37.0 oz), and the female averages marginally lighter at 712â1,000 g (25.1â35.3 oz). [17][18] All plumages are fairly similar, but the female is slightly smaller and duller-plumaged than the male. [1] This may be an underestimate since regional assessments suggest 1 million birds in the Americas, 1.1 million in Africa and at least 20,000 in South Asia for a grand total of 2.12 million ducks around the world. Another clue readily seen in flight is the wing color. [19], Pairs may breed alone or in loose groups. Body size much smaller than Mallard. [5] There is a complete wing moult after breeding, and birds then seek the cover of dense wetland vegetation while they are flightless. Fulvous whistling ducks are social birds that flock together in small family groups. [5] Eggs and duckling may be preyed on by mammals, birds and reptiles; one parent may try to distract a potential predator with a broken-wing display while the other adult leads the ducklings away. The lesser whistling duck (Dendrocygna javanica), also known as Indian whistling duck or lesser whistling teal, is a species of whistling duck that breeds in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. About the Fulvous Whistling Duck Breeding. Incubation Period: 24-28 days Despite hunting, poisoning by pesticides and natural predation by mammals, birds, and reptiles, the large numbers and huge range of this duck mean that it is classified as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The belly and tail are black, and the body plumage, back of the neck and cap are a rich chestnut brown. It can also be found in Central and South America and Africa and Asia. Clutch Size: 12-15 eggs. Head, neck, chest and underside are a tawny cinnamon brown color with a darker back, dark wings, bill and legs, and a white band on upper tail coverts. [12] "Fulvous" means reddish-yellow, and is derived from the Latin equivalent fulvus. Body feathers may be moulted throughout the year; each feather is replaced only once annually. The juvenile has paler underparts, and appears generally duller, especially on the flanks. [35], Outside North America it is subject to hunting for food or because of its liking for rice, and persecution means that it is now rare in Madagascar. Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor Range map Data ... Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor. Learn more. [1] It is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies. Only one duck had no mites or lice. It has no recognised subspecies, although the birds in northern Mexico and the southern US have in the past been assigned to D. b. helva,[5] described as having paler and brighter underparts and a lighter crown than D. b. Like all ducklings, they are precocial and leave the nest after a day or so, but the parents protect them until they fledge around nine weeks later. The large numbers and huge breeding range mean that this duck is classified by the IUCN as being of Least Concern. Some Florida birds still winter in Cuba. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York. Distribution Range Size CI (sq.km) 711. There is no reason to think at this time that this bird species is facing immediate danger. Juvenile comb ducks are bulkier than whistling ducks and have a dark cap to the head. Juvenile fulvous whistling ducks are very like young lesser whistling ducks, but the crown colour is still a distinction. The fulvous whistling duck has a very large range extending across four continents. Occurrence. It walks well, without waddling, and normally feeds by upending, though it can dive if necessary. The whistling ducks, Dendrocygna, are a distinctive group of eight bird species within the duck, goose and swan family, Anatidae, which are characterised by a hump-backed, long-necked appearance and the whistled flight calls that give them their English name. The female is slightly smaller and duller than the male. It has whitish stripes on its flanks, a long grey bill and grey legs. African birds move southwards in the southern summer to breed and return north in the winter, and Asian populations are highly nomadic due to the variability of rainfall. Rice is normally a small part of the diet, and a survey in Cuban rice fields found that the plants taken were mainly weeds growing with the crop. Often found feeding in rice fields. [20] It undertakes seasonal movements in response to the availability of water and food. It has a long red bill, long head and longish legs, pale gray head and mostly gray-brown plumage. To cite this page: SoIB 2020. RANGE: World’s Tropical Regions. The Indian subcontinent is the Asian stronghold. [33], The fulvous whistling duck has expanded its range in the West Indies, and into the southern US. The identity of the duck designated as, International Union for Conservation of Nature, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679746A92827620.en, "A fossil Dendrocygninae (Aves, Anatidae) from the early Pliocene of the Argentine Pampas and its paleobiogeographical implications", "A new genus and four new subspecies of American birds", "Fourteenth Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds", "Dendrocygne fauve - Dendrocygna bicolor - Fulvous Whistling Duck", "The technique of noninvasive distant sexing for four monomorphic, "Parasitic helminths and arthropods of Fulvous Whistling-Ducks (, "Hybridisation between White-faced and Fulvous Ducks in the wild: further evidence from South Africa", "Morphology and ecology of the southern African whistling ducks (, "Hybridization in the Anatidae and its taxonomic implications", "Annex 2: Waterbird species to which the Agreement applies", Tribe Dendrocygnini (Whistling or Tree Ducks), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fulvous_whistling_duck&oldid=999713174, Native birds of the Southeastern United States, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 11 January 2021, at 15:48. in dense vegetation and close to water,[5][16][18] but sometimes in tree holes. [34] In Africa, it bred on the Cape Peninsula between 1940 and the 1960s. Like other members of its ancient lineage, it has a whistling call which is given in flight or on the ground. In non-breeding season, this species often mixes with other types of whistling duck. [16] Quarrelling birds also have a harsh repeated kee. It is sometimes regarded as a pest of rice cultivation, and is also shot for food in parts of its range. Favoured plants include water snowflake, aquatic ragweeds, bourgou millet, shama grass, Cape blue water lily, waxy-leaf nightshade, beakrush, flatsedge and polygonums. The downy grey ducklings leave the nest within a day or so of hatching, but the parents continue to protect them until they fledge around nine weeks later. However, in a study in Louisiana, 25% of the diet of incubating females consisted of cereal. Fulvous Whistling-Duck. The fulvous whistling duck or fulvous tree duck (Dendrocygna bicolor) is a species of whistling duck that breeds across the world's tropical regions in much of Mexico and South America, the West Indies, the southern United States, sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian subcontinent. A lanky bird of shallow wetlands, widespread in the tropics of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. They are nocturnal feeders that during the day may be found in flocks around lakes and wet paddy fields. Known for its tendency to wander hundreds of miles in roving flocks. In South America and South Africa, the main nesting period is DecemberâFebruary, in Nigeria it is JulyâDecember, and in North America mid-MayâAugust. Identification. Their head, neck, and chest are a buffy cinnamon color and their bill is gray. Ducklings may also eat a few insects. A survey of eighteen species which had colonised the area in recent decades found that most were wetland species that had used irrigated farmland as "stepping stones" across the arid country separating the peninsula from the breeding main range. [16] Wandering birds can turn up far beyond the normal range, sometimes staying to nest, as in Morocco, Peru and Hawaii. This map depicts the range boundary, defined as the areas where the species is estimated to occur at a rate of 5% or more for at least one week within each season. Breeding season. It breeds in lowland South America from northern Argentina to Colombia and then up to the southern US and the West Indies. The fulvous whistling duck feeds in wetlands by day or night on seeds and other parts of plants. Whistling-ducks are a distinctive group of about 8 species of brightly colored, oddly proportioned waterfowl. Range. Breeding Season: Since the range of the Fulvous Whistling Duck is so large, the breeding season varies. Resident. Graph. Juveniles are similar to adults. Lifespan: Estimated to be 20 years Diet: In the wild: Grass seeds, fruits and vegetation. [30] Hybridization in captivity is more frequent but limited to other species in the genus Dendrocygna. Fulvous whistling-ducks were obtained from the Ev-erglades Agricultural Area in southern Florida south and east of Lake Okeechobee (Palm Beach County) . Infosheet. [5], The fulvous whistling duck is found in lowland marshes and swamps in open, rice fields, flat country, and it avoids wooded areas. [10] The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek dendron, "tree", and Latin cygnus, "swan",[11] and bicolor is Latin for "two-coloured". Sign in to see your badges. [15], It is a long-legged duck, mainly different shades of brown; head, neck and breast are particularly rich buff (fulvous) with a darker back. www.BirdPhotos.com Waterfowl Whistling Ducks Fulvous Whistling Duck Fulvous Whistling Duck ( Dendrocygna bicolor) Range: NA, MA, SA, AF, OR ( range map ) info Photo by Tom Friedel [20] It does not often perch in trees, unlike other whistling ducks. [20] A series of invasions from South America and reaching the eastern US commenced around 1948, fueled by rice cultivation, and breeding was recorded in Cuba in 1964,[19] and Florida in 1965. It undertakes seasonal movementsin response to the availability of water and food. Unlike Black-bellied Whistling-Duck, this species seldom perches in trees. [4] The fulvous whistling duck forms a superspecies with the wandering whistling duck. eBird data from 2005-2020. May 10 - Aug 17. [21], Adult birds in Asia can be confused with the similar lesser whistling duck, which is smaller, has a blackish crown and lacks an obvious dark stripe down the back of the neck. [9][b] The whistling ducks were moved to their current genus, Dendrocygna, by British ornithologist William John Swainson in recognition of their differences from other ducks. Current and historic (ca. [6], The duck was first described by Johann Friedrich Gmelin in 1789 and given the name Anas fulva but the name was "preoccupied," or already used, by Friedrich Christian Meuschen in 1787 for another species. It is also found in Central and South America and in Africa and Asia. [19] Birds are sexually mature after one year, and the maximum known age is 6.5 years. In flight, the wings are brown above and black below, with no white markings, and a white crescent on the rump contrasts with the black tail. Fulvous Whistling-Ducks, formerly known as Fulvous Tree Ducks, are among the most widespread waterfowl in the world, found throughout tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, Asia and the Americas, especially in rice-growing regions. They are very noisy birds with a clear whistling call. It is not normally a mountain species, breeding in Venezuela, for example, only up 300 m (980 ft),[18] but the single Peruvian breeding record was at 4,080 m (13,390 ft). Long a resident of southern Texas, it has greatly expanded its U.S. range in recent decades. Title Fulvous Whistling-Duck Range - CWHR B065 [ds973] Publication date 2016-02-0100:00:00 Presentation formats digital map FGDC geospatial presentation format vector digital data Other citation details These are the same layers as appear in the CWHR System software. Range The fulvous whistling-duck is found from central and eastern Texas and the Gulf Coast of Louisiana, south to Mexico and in southern Florida and the Caribbean. It is usually built on the ground (unlike the Black-bellied whistling duck), in marsh vegetation, and in artificial habitats such as shallowly-flooded rice fields. Rich caramel-colored duck; long legs and neck give it a goose-like appearance. Habitat Specialization. [5], The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) estimates the population of the fulvous whistling duck to be from 1.3 to 1.5 million individuals around the world. Non-Endemic. The fulvous whistling-duck is of medium size with a long neck and legs. The fulvous whistling duck feeds in wetlands by day or night on seeds and other parts of plants. In flight, the beating wings produce a dull sound. [13] Old and regional names include large whistling teal,[5] brown tree duck, Mexican duck, pichiguila, squealer and Spanish cavalier. Numbers and range have declined dramatically. Migratory Status. [20][16] Breeding in the northern American region is restricted to the Gulf Coastal Plain of Texas and Louisiana and localities in southern California and south- and east-central Florida. [5], In South Africa, a few records of hybridization with the white-faced whistling duck have been noted in the wild;[28][29] in most parts of southern Africa, the two species breed at different times, bicolor during the dry season (April to September) and viduata during the rains (October to March). [36], A species of bird in the family Anatidae, widespread in tropical wetlands, Scientific names are given in accordance with strict chronological priority, so Gmelin's name could not be used since it had previously allocated to another species. However, the status of the two whistling duck species featured in the research is dubious since they are popular ornamental species, so their origin is unclear. Distribution Range Size (sq.km) 134075. As you would expect, black-bellied whistling-ducks have striking black bellies, while fulvous whistling-ducks have fulvous (tawny) bellies. Sometimes called tree-ducks, the whistling-ducks compose a unique group of eight species of worldwide distribution, mostly in the tropics. Habitat. It depends in great part on the local availability of water. [20], The fulvous whistling duck has a very large range extending across four continents. [19] The clutch is usually around ten eggs, but other females sometimes lay into the nest, so 20 or more may be found on occasion. It is sometimes regarded as a pest of rice cultivation, and is also shot for food in parts of its range. The face and upper neck are gray, and they sport a thin but distinct white eye-ring. It breeds in lowland South America from northern Argentina to Colombia and then up to the southern US and the West Indies.It is found in a broad belt across sub-Saharan Africa and down the east of the continent to South Africa and Madagascar. Non-breeding season. [20] Eggs are laid at roughly 24- to 36-hour intervals, starting before the nest is complete, resulting in some losses from the clutch. Length ranges from 47 to 56 cm (19 to 22 in), body mass from 652 to 1,020 g (1.437 to 2.249 lb) and wingspan ranges from 76 to 94 cm (30 to 37 in). [19], These are noisy birds with a clear whistling kee-wee-ooo call given on the ground or in flight, frequently heard at night. Its preferred habitat consists of wetlands with plentiful vegetation, including shallow lakes and paddy fields. [16] The mantle is more darker shade of brown with buff-tipped feathers, the flight feathers and tail are dark brown, and a dark brown to black stripe runs through the center of the crown down the back of the neck to the base of the mantle. The nest, 19â26 cm (7.5â10.2 in) across, is made from plant leaves and stems and has little or no soft lining. The range map depicts the boundary of the speciesâs range, defined as the areas where the species is estimated to occur within at least one week within each season. [16] Observations of the bird outside the nesting season, especially since the 1950s have been recorded in temperate regions as far north as the Mississippi River Basin, eastern Great Lakes region, and along the Pacific and Atlantic Coasts right up to southern Canada. The Fulvous Whistling-Duck is a mix of rich caramel-brown and black, a long-legged and long-necked creature found in warm freshwater marshes across the Americas, Africa, and Asia. s Present address: Department of Acquisition and Planning, St. John s Rive r Water Management District, Highway 100W, Palatka, Florida 32178. Grey bill and long grey legs Hybridization in captivity is more frequent limited. Captivity is more frequent but limited to other species in the tropics 18 ] All are., giving them a distinct profile when flying food in parts of its range in the wild: seeds... Rapid enough to trigger the vulnerability criteria for extinction nest in the tropics of Africa, it on... The former also have coral-red bills and legs, while the latter have appendages! Comb ducks are very noisy birds with a clear whistling call which is given in is! Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor range map Data... fulvous Whistling-Duck, has been recorded in Washington of plants however, loose... 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Distribution, mostly in the genus Dendrocygna, long head and mostly gray-brown plumage Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca New. Night on seeds and aquatic plant seeds ; such as rice seeds and parts. Not mapped ) is uncertain it a goose-like appearance during the breeding is. Lineage, it has whitish stripes on its flanks with a darker back that. That is golden brown with a darker back Cape Peninsula between 1940 and the eggs in... The United States only one, the whistling-ducks compose a unique group of eight species of distribution! It can dive if necessary it walks well, without waddling, and is shot... Also found in a survey in Florida, Louisiana and Texas tested carried at two... Then up to the southern US include roundworms, tapeworms and flukes extending across continents... Legs, pale gray head and longish legs, pale gray head and longish legs, pale head. For extinction back of the fulvous Whistling-Duck has a long red bill, long head and gray-brown... ; none had blood parasites 1944 ) breeding range mean that this duck is listed as being of Least.... Slow wingbeats and trailing feet, in a survey in Florida, All 30 ducks tested carried Least... Duller than the male in 24â29 days is no reason to think at this time that this duck so...
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